Cr40Ni60 High-Cr Resistance Heating Alloy - Supplier of Wire, Strip & Bar | Shanghai Hangbo Alloy Group
Date: 2026年8月4日 Categories: News Views: 314
By Shanghai Hangbo Alloy Group Co., Ltd. - China Supplier | ISO 9001:2015 | Est. 2012
Contact: sales@hangboalloy.com | hangbo@nickel-alloy.com | WhatsApp (Lisa): +86 13611656360
Quick Answer: What Is Cr40Ni60?
Cr40Ni60 is a premium nickel-chromium electrical resistance heating alloy with approximately 40% chromium and 60% nickel, delivering higher electrical resistivity (~1.12 micro-ohm-m) and superior oxidation resistance compared to standard Cr20Ni80. It is specifically designed for demanding high-temperature heating elements in industrial furnaces, diffusion heaters for semiconductor processing, and precision resistor applications where maximum surface loading (watt density) is required at temperatures exceeding 1100C. Shanghai Hangbo Alloy Group supplies Cr40Ni60 as fine wire, strip, and bar.
Industry Pain Point: Semiconductor wafer processing furnaces require heating elements that can maintain 1100-1150C with absolute chemical cleanliness -- no outgassing, no metallic vapor contamination, no particle generation. Standard Cr20Ni80 elements begin to form volatile CrO₃ above 1050C, gradually releasing chromium vapor into the furnace tube that diffuses into silicon wafers as a deep-level impurity. Cr40Ni60's elevated chromium content forms a thicker, more stable Cr₂O₃ scale that suppresses CrO₃ volatilization, reducing wafer contamination levels by an order of magnitude.
Key Properties at a Glance
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Grade | Cr40Ni60 |
| Chemical Family | High-Cr Ni-Cr Resistance Alloy |
| Density | ~7.90 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | ~1380C |
| Max Continuous Operating Temp. | ~1150C (2100F) |
| Electrical Resistivity (20C) | ~1.12 micro-ohm-m |
| Temperature Coefficient of Resistance | Very low, ~0.00006/C |
| Tensile Strength (Annealed) | >= 700 MPa |
| Elongation (Annealed) | >= 18% |
| Magnetic | Non-magnetic |
| Key Standards | GB/T 1234 (custom specification) |
Product Overview
Cr40Ni60 represents the high-chromium end of the nickel-chromium resistance alloy spectrum. With approximately 40% Cr -- double the chromium content of standard Cr20Ni80 -- the alloy is metallurgically engineered to push heating element technology beyond the standard limits of the Nichrome family.
The alloy's higher chromium content produces several performance advantages:
1. Enhanced oxidation resistance: At 1150C, the Cr content of the base alloy is high enough to sustain a thick, self-healing Cr₂O₃ scale that remains protective even when the element surface is locally depleted by spallation. This is the key advantage over Cr20Ni80 for near-maximum-temperature service.
2. Higher electrical resistivity (~1.12 vs 1.09 micro-ohm-m): The additional chromium adds slightly to the resistivity, allowing for shorter element lengths or larger cross-sections at the same wattage -- improving both element durability and furnace design flexibility.
3. Reduced chromium depletion rate: Because the alloy matrix contains 40% Cr, even after thousands of hours of Cr₂O₃ scale growth, the underlying metal retains adequate chromium for continued oxidation protection. In Cr20Ni80 operating near 1200C, chromium depletion at the oxide-metal interface can drop the local Cr content below the critical 12% threshold after 5,000-8,000 hours, triggering catastrophic breakaway oxidation. Cr40Ni60 delays this endpoint to 12,000-18,000 hours.
The trade-off: Higher chromium means slightly lower ductility (>=18% vs >=20% for Cr20Ni80) and higher cost (more chromium content). Cr40Ni60 is specifically for harsh, high-temperature, contamination-critical applications -- not general-purpose heating.
Shanghai Hangbo Alloy Group supplies Cr40Ni60 in bright-annealed wire (0.1-6.0 mm), cold-rolled strip/ribbon, and hot-rolled bar. All products are certified for resistivity per GB/T 1234.
Chemical Composition (wt.%)
| Element | Typical Range | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Chromium (Cr) | 38.0 - 42.0 | Critical high-Cr content for maximum oxidation resistance and long service life |
| Nickel (Ni) | 56.0 - 62.0 | Matrix; provides hot strength and stabilizes austenitic structure |
| Iron (Fe) | <= 1.50 | Residual |
| Manganese (Mn) | <= 0.60 | Deoxidizer |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.50 - 2.0 | Enhances Cr₂O₃ scale adhesion at high temperature |
| Aluminum (Al) | <= 0.50 | Supplementary scale stabilizer |
| Carbon (C) | <= 0.05 | Control for minimal carbide precipitation |
Electrical & Physical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Resistivity (20C) | ~1.12 micro-ohm-m |
| Temp. Coeff. of Resistance | ~6 x 10^-5 /C |
| Density | ~7.90 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | ~1380C |
| Max Continuous Temp. | ~1150C |
| Thermal Expansion (20-1000C) | ~16.0 micro-m/m-C |
| Tensile (Annealed) | >= 700 MPa |
| Elongation (Annealed) | >= 18% |
| Magnetic | Non-magnetic |
Cr40Ni60 vs Cr20Ni80: Selection Guide
| Property | Cr40Ni60 | Cr20Ni80 | Edge |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cr Content | ~40% | ~20% | Cr40Ni60 for oxidation life |
| Resistivity | ~1.12 micro-ohm-m | ~1.09 micro-ohm-m | Marginal advantage to Cr40Ni60 |
| Max Temp. (Continuous) | ~1150C | ~1200C | Cr20Ni80 has slightly higher |
| Oxidation Life at 1100C | ~12,000-18,000 h | ~5,000-8,000 h | Cr40Ni60 doubles life |
| Ductility | Good (>=18% El) | Better (>=20% El) | Cr20Ni80 is more formable |
| Cost | Higher (+15-25%) | Baseline | Cr20Ni60 for budget |
| Best Application | High-surface-loading, ultra-clean furnaces | General industrial heating |
Selection rule: For standard electric furnaces (air atmosphere, 800-1100C), use Cr20Ni80. For high-duty, contamination-sensitive applications (semiconductor diffusion, vacuum furnaces, element-embedded ceramic heaters) where maximum watt density demands a chromium-rich matrix, use Cr40Ni60.
Production Process
Wire Manufacturing
- VIM Melting: High-purity Ni cathode + electrolytic Cr. Cr +/-0.5%, Ni +/-0.5% control. Carbon <=0.04% internal.
- Hot Rolling: Ingot to 5.5-8.0 mm rod.
- Multi-Pass Drawing: Rod to final diameter with intermediate bright anneals (950C, H₂ atmosphere).
- Final Conditioning: Bright anneal, resistivity test, spooling.
Industry Applications
| Industry | Component | Why Cr40Ni60? |
|---|---|---|
| Semiconductor | Diffusion furnace heating elements | Minimal Cr vapor contamination of wafers; high surface loading capability |
| Vacuum Furnaces | High-temp vacuum heating elements | Reduced metal vapor pressure vs Cr20Ni80 |
| Laboratory | High-temp tube furnace windings (continuous 1100+C) | Extended service life at near-max temperature |
| Ceramic Heaters | Embedded element ceramic heating plates | Long service life when element replacement is impossible |
FAQ
Q1: Cr40Ni60 vs Cr20Ni80? Cr40Ni60 has 2x the chromium for longer oxidation life (2-3x at 1100C), higher resistivity, but slightly lower ductility and higher cost. It is the premium high-temperature heating grade.
Q2: Max temperature? ~1150C continuous in air. Operation at 1150-1200C is possible in short-duration cycles but reduces service life.
Q3: Is it magnetic? No, paramagnetic/non-magnetic like all Ni-Cr alloys.
Q4: Price? $45-75/kg EXW (40% Cr + 60% Ni). Higher than Cr20Ni80 due to chromium content. Contact sales@hangboalloy.com.
Q5: Weldable? Yes, TIG or spot welding. Fusion welding preferred over brazing for element-to-lead connections.
Q6: Why choose Cr40Ni60 over FeCrAl (Kanthal)? FeCrAl has higher max temp (1300C) but is ferromagnetic, has lower hot strength (sags), and is more brittle. Cr40Ni60 for applications where non-magnetic, mechanical integrity, and clean heating are priorities.
Q7: Forms? Wire (0.1-6.0 mm), strip, bar. SGS available.
Contact Shanghai Hangbo Alloy Group
| Channel | Details |
|---|---|
| Company | Shanghai Hangbo Alloy Group Co., Ltd. - China Supplier |
| sales@hangboalloy.com | |
| WhatsApp (Lisa) | +86 13611656360 |
| Website | www.nickel-alloy.com |
Complete Product Range
Pure Nickel: NI200, NI201, N4, N5, N6 | Monel: 400, 401, 404, K-500, R-405 | Inconel: 600, 601, 617, 625, 690, 718, X-750, 725 | Incoloy: 800, 800H, 800HT, 825, 925, 926, A-286, 25-6HN | Hastelloy: C-276, C-22, C-2000, C-4, G-30, G-35, X, B-2, B-3, N | Nimonic: 75, 80A, 90, 95, 105, 115, 263 | Haynes: 25, 188, 230, 242, 282, 556 | Super Austenitic: Alloy 28, Alloy 31, 254SMO | Precision: 1J22, 1J46, 1J50, 1J79, 1J85, 3J21, 4J32, 4J36, 4J45 | High-Strength: 18Ni250, 18Ni300, AerMet 100, PH13-8Mo | Heating Alloys: Cr20Ni80, Cr40Ni60
Product Forms: Bars(6-500mm) | Tubes(OD 6-610mm) | Plates(0.1-100mm) | Forgings | Welded Pipes | Fittings | Wire(0.05-10mm) | Strip(0.02-4.0mm)
SGS/BV/TUV inspection. Contact: sales@hangboalloy.com | www.nickel-alloy.com
