Hangbo Alloy Group supplies a variety of 310 stainless steel products, including round bars, plates, strips, seamless tubes, forgings, and wires. Below is a comprehensive description of 310.
1. Introduction to 310
Description: 310 (UNS S31000) is a high-chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel, distinguished by its higher carbon content compared to 310S. It is renowned for excellent high-temperature strength, outstanding oxidation resistance, and good corrosion resistance. It maintains stable mechanical properties during long-term service at high temperatures (up to 1200°C) and has strong thermal load-bearing capacity, making it a preferred material for high-temperature structural components under moderate corrosion conditions.
International Equivalents:
·USA: UNS S31000, ASTM 310
·CHINA: 06Cr25Ni20
·Europe: EN 1.4841, DIN X12CrNi25-21
2. Standards for 310 Products
Plates: GB/T 4237, EN 10088-2
Round Bars: ASTM A276 , GB/T 1220, DIN 17440
Seamless Tubes: GB/T 14976, EN 10216-5
Forgings: ASTM A182/A182M, GB/T 1221, DIN 17482
3. Chemical Composition of 310 (in Vertical Table)
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.25 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 24.0 - 26.0 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 19.0 - 22.0 |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 1.50 |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 2.00 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.045 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.030 |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
4. Physical Properties of 310
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density | 7.98 g/cm³ |
| Melting Range | 1398 - 1454 °C |
5. Material Characteristics of 310
High-Temperature Strength & Oxidation Resistance: Excels in oxidation resistance in air at temperatures up to 1200°C (higher than 310S’s typical 1150°C). The higher carbon content enhances high-temperature tensile strength and creep resistance, while the dense chromium oxide film on the surface prevents further oxidation—suitable for load-bearing high-temperature components.
Corrosion Resistance: Demonstrates strong resistance to oxidizing acids (e.g., nitric acid) and high-temperature gases. However, due to higher carbon content, its resistance to intergranular corrosion is inferior to 310S; post-weld annealing is recommended for applications in corrosive high-temperature environments.
Thermal Stability: Retains excellent mechanical properties under long-term high-temperature exposure (1000-1200°C) and resists thermal fatigue deformation, ensuring structural stability of heavy-duty high-temperature parts.
Formability & Processability: Can be processed via cold working (e.g., rolling, stamping) and hot working (e.g., forging, extrusion). Hot working performance is superior due to higher carbon content, facilitating fabrication of thick-walled or heavy structural components.
Weldability: Compatible with common welding methods (e.g., TIG welding, MIG welding). To avoid intergranular corrosion, low-carbon filler metals (e.g., ER310L) are recommended, and post-weld heat treatment (solution annealing at 1050-1150°C) is advised for corrosive service.
6. Applications of 310
Thermal Processing Industry: Widely used in heavy-duty industrial furnace components (e.g., load-bearing furnace frames, thick-walled furnace tubes, high-temperature furnace doors) and heat treatment baskets for heavy workpieces—withstands high temperatures and mechanical loads simultaneously.
Power Generation Industry: Applied to high-temperature load-bearing parts of thermal power plants (e.g., large boiler header tubes, heavy-duty superheater supports) and waste incineration power plant high-temperature flue gas ducts—resists high-temperature flue gas erosion and creep deformation.
Metallurgical Industry: Employed in molten metal handling equipment (e.g., thick-walled stainless steel casting molds, high-temperature molten steel launders) and high-temperature annealing furnace structural beams—resists molten metal erosion and long-term high-temperature oxidation.
Chemical Industry: Used for high-temperature, low-corrosion load-bearing equipment (e.g., thick-walled high-temperature reaction kettle supports, non-corrosive high-temperature pipeline flanges)—avoid direct contact with strong reducing acids to prevent intergranular corrosion.
Other Fields: Used in high-temperature structural parts of industrial boilers (e.g., heavy-duty fire tubes) and large-scale high-temperature exhaust system supports for ships/heavy machinery. In aerospace, it is applied to non-corrosive high-temperature auxiliary components of ground test equipment.
